He aha nā mea hoʻohana o ka wai wai ma ke kahua o ka ʻenehana kūkulu hale?
I kēia manawa, ma ke kahua o ka ʻenehana kūkulu hale, he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana wai.Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻoia i ka noho maloʻo ʻana o nā hale a paʻa ke ʻano ma lalo o nā ʻano climatic like ʻole.Eia kekahi mau noi maʻamau o nā huahana wai wai i nā papahana kūkulu.
1. ʻO ka uhi ʻana i ka wai: ʻO ka uhi ʻana i ka wai kekahi o nā huahana wai hoʻohana nui loa.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hale, nā paia, nā basements, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hana i kahi membrane wai e pale ai i ke komo ʻana o ka wai i loko o ka hale.
2. ʻO ka membrane pale wai: ʻO ka membrane wai he mea lahilahi a palupalu, hana mau ʻia me ka polymer, rubber a i ʻole asphalt.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi e like me nā kaupaku, nā basements a me nā lumi ʻauʻau e hana i kahi papa wai i loko o ka hale kūkulu hale e hoʻōki i ke komo ʻana o ka wai.
3. ʻO ka lipine pale wai: ʻO ka lipine pale wai he mea paʻa ia e hana i kahi papa wai kūpono ma nā hili a me nā pili.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou ma luna o nā hale, nā puka makani, nā māwae puka a me nā mea hou aʻe e hāʻawi i ka pale wai lōʻihi.
4. Mea hoʻonui wai: ʻO ka mea hoʻonui wai he mea me ka hiki ke komo i ka wai a hoʻonui, a hoʻohana pinepineʻia no ka waiʻole o nā basements a me nā hale lalo.Ke komo nā mea i ka makū, hoʻonui lākou a hoʻopaʻa i nā pores, e hana ana i kahi papa wai kūpono.
5. ʻO ka membrane wai a me ka moisture-permeable membrane: ʻO ka membrane wai a me ka moisture-permeable membrane he mau hana waiʻole a me ka moisture-permeable, hiki ke pale i ka wai mai ke komoʻana i ka wā eʻae ai i ka ea a me ka wai e hele i loko.Hoʻohana mau ʻia kēia mau membrane ma nā wahi e like me nā paia, nā papahele a me nā hale e mālama i nā hale maloʻo a ʻoluʻolu.
6. ʻO ka uhi ʻana o ka ʻauwaha kumu: ʻO ka uhi ʻana o ka ʻauwaha kumu he uhi wai kūikawā i hoʻohana ʻia no nā hale lalo a me nā ʻauwaha kumu.ʻO lākou ka lōʻihi a me ka wai ʻole a hiki ke pale pono i ka wai o ka lepo mai ke komo ʻana i loko o nā hale.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he mea nui loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana wai i nā hana kūkulu.Hiki iā lākou ke pale i ka pōʻino a me ka corrosion i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka makū, hoʻonui i ke ola lawelawe o nā hale, a hāʻawi i kahi ʻāina maloʻo, ʻoluʻolu a palekana.No laila, pono nā mea kākau a me nā ʻenekinia e koho pono a hoʻopili i nā huahana wai kūpono i ka wā e hoʻolālā a kūkulu ana i nā hale.
Pehea ka nui o kāu ʻike e pili ana i ke ola wai wai i hala a me kēia manawa?
Hiki ke huli ʻia ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana wai i ka wā lōʻihi.Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā pono o ka mea hoʻohana, ua hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻia ka ʻenehana wai ʻole.Eia kekahi mau mea nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka mōʻaukala o nā huahana wai wai:
Nā huahana wai wai mua:
Hiki ke huli ʻia ka ʻenehana wai wai mua loa i nā moʻomeheu kahiko.Hoʻohana nā kānaka i nā mea kūlohelohe e like me ka wax, asphalt, resin, etc.pae hoʻomohala:
1. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe e noiʻi a hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana wai wai.ʻO kekahi o nā huahana waiʻole pāʻoihana mua loa he lole waiʻole i hoʻokumuʻia e ka huiʻAmelika "Gore-Tex" i ka makahiki 1978. Ua hoʻohana nuiʻia ka lole no ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka hanuʻana a ua loaʻa ka lanakila nui ma nā pāʻani waho a me nā kahua kaua.
2. Me ka holomua o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holomua i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana wai.ʻO nā wahi koʻikoʻi o ka R&D a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana e pili ana i ka uhi wai, ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa, nanotechnology a me nā mea hou aku.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau ʻenehana i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā huahana wai a loaʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hana wai.
Nā huahana wai wai o kēia wā:
1. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā huahana wai wai hou i ka hale, nā kaʻa, nā lole, nā huahana waho, nā lako uila a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.No ka laʻana, hiki i nā mea hale paʻa wai ke pale aku i ka makū mai ke komo ʻana i ka hale, hiki i nā pale wai ke pale aku i nā kino o ke kaʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lole wai wai e hana i nā lole a me nā kāmaʻa wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea uila wai no ka hana ma lalo o ka wai a me nā hana waho, etc.
2. Aia kekahi mau huahana wai wai no nā noi kūikawā, e like me nā lole luʻu a me nā lako luʻu, nā wati wai a me nā kelepona paʻa wai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua hele ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana wai wai i nā pae he nui a me nā mea hou, mai nā hana wai wai maʻalahi kahiko a hiki i ka ʻenehana wai wai kiʻekiʻe.Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻenehana i ka holomua, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e loaʻa i nā huahana wai wai e hiki mai ana ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana wai ʻole a hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi ākea ākea.
He aha nā haʻawina hou loa e pili ana i nā huahana wai ma 2023?
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi hou loa e pili ana i nā huahana wai i 2023, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hāʻawi i nā hopena noiʻi hou loa.Eia naʻe, hiki iaʻu ke kaʻana like i kekahi mau wahi noiʻi maʻamau a me nā ʻano e pili ana i ka ʻenehana wai wai e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka holomua o kēia manawa.
1. Ka noiʻi waiwai: Ua ʻimi ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā mea wai ikaika a paʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā huahana wai.ʻO nā mea a lākou e noiʻi ai he polymers, nanomaterials a me nā uhi e hana i nā huahana ʻoi aku ka wai.
2. Nanotechnology: ʻO ka Nanotechnology ka hana nui i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana wai.Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā waiwai kūikawā o nā nanoparticles e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai wai wai.Hiki i nā Nanomaterials ke hana i nā wahi hydrophilic nāwaliwali ma nā pae micro a me nano, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena wai maikaʻi loa.
3. Biomimicry: Hoʻoulu ʻia ka poʻe noiʻi e nā mīkini wai wai o kekahi mau mea ola i ke ʻano a hoʻāʻo e hoʻopili i kēia mau ʻano i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā huahana wai.No ka laʻana, hiki i nā lau lotus ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia iho a me ka wai, no laila ke aʻo nei nā ʻepekema pehea e hoʻohana ai i kēia mau waiwai e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā waiwai wai o nā huahana.
4. Nā huahana uila maʻalahi: Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana uila maʻalahi, ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi pehea e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻenehana wai wai i nā huahana uila maʻalahi.Ma kēia ala, hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻohana i nā mea uila maʻalahi me nā mana wai wai kiʻekiʻe i ka wai, e like me nā wati akamai, nā kelepona hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, etc.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i kekahi manawa ke loaʻa nā ʻenehana wai wai hou i ka mākeke.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahi noiʻi a me nā ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e hōʻike ana hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e ʻike i nā huahana wai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka holomua i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
He aha nā mea maikaʻi o nā huahana moʻo wai i hana ʻia e ka popar chemical?
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi hou loa e pili ana i nā huahana wai i 2023, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hāʻawi i nā hopena noiʻi hou loa.Eia naʻe, hiki iaʻu ke kaʻana like i kekahi mau wahi noiʻi maʻamau a me nā ʻano e pili ana i ka ʻenehana wai wai e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka holomua o kēia manawa.
1. Ka noiʻi waiwai: Ua ʻimi ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā mea wai ikaika a paʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā huahana wai.ʻO nā mea a lākou e noiʻi ai he polymers, nanomaterials a me nā uhi e hana i nā huahana ʻoi aku ka wai.
2. Nanotechnology: ʻO ka Nanotechnology ka hana nui i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana wai.Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā waiwai kūikawā o nā nanoparticles e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai wai wai.Hiki i nā Nanomaterials ke hana i nā wahi hydrophilic nāwaliwali ma nā pae micro a me nano, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena wai maikaʻi loa.
3. Biomimicry: Hoʻoulu ʻia ka poʻe noiʻi e nā mīkini wai wai o kekahi mau mea ola i ke ʻano a hoʻāʻo e hoʻopili i kēia mau ʻano i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā huahana wai.No ka laʻana, hiki i nā lau lotus ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia iho a me ka wai, no laila ke aʻo nei nā ʻepekema pehea e hoʻohana ai i kēia mau waiwai e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā waiwai wai o nā huahana.
4. Nā huahana uila maʻalahi: Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana uila maʻalahi, ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi pehea e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻenehana wai wai i nā huahana uila maʻalahi.Ma kēia ala, hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻohana i nā mea uila maʻalahi me nā mana wai wai kiʻekiʻe i ka wai, e like me nā wati akamai, nā kelepona hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, etc.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i kekahi manawa ke loaʻa nā ʻenehana wai wai hou i ka mākeke.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahi noiʻi a me nā ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e hōʻike ana hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e ʻike i nā huahana wai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka holomua i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
He aha nā kaʻina hana no ka wai wai i hana ʻia e ka popar chemical?
Ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana, pono e hahai ʻia nā pae aʻe:
1. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili kumu (pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻili kumu, me ka ʻole o ka wai maʻemaʻe)
2. Hoʻoulu a hui pū i ka JS cementLstand = 1: 0.5: 0.5 (Hiki ke māhele ʻia i 2-3 mau manawa a hoʻoulu ʻia)
3. E hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana, palaki i hoʻokahi manawa a me ka vertically, (Mai hoʻopili i ka mānoanoa i ka manawa mua)
4. Ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana o ke kūkulu hale, kāpīpī i ka wai no ka mālama ʻana.
He aha nā lawelawe kālepa haole e hiki ke hāʻawi aku i ka popar chemical iā ʻoe?
Ua kūpaʻa ʻo popar chemical i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kālepa haole kiʻekiʻe a me nā lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku ma waho, me:
1. Kūkākūkā huahana a koho ʻia: He hui kūʻai ʻoihana ʻo Popar Chemical e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka kūkākūkā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ʻano huahana, nā kahua noi, nā ʻano hoʻohana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a paipai i nā huahana kūpono loa i nā mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i kā lākou pono kikoʻī.
2. Hāʻawi laʻana: I mea e kōkua ai i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomaopopo a loiloi i ka hana o ka huahana, hiki i ka popar chemical ke hāʻawi i nā laʻana manuahi i nā mea kūʻai aku no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka loiloi.
3. Nā lawelawe kūikawā: No nā mea kūʻai aku me nā pono kūikawā, hiki i ka popar chemical ke hāʻawi i nā huahana a me nā hoʻonā kūpono e hōʻoia i ka hiki i nā huahana ke hoʻokō i nā koi kūikawā o nā mea kūʻai.
4. Hoʻouna wikiwiki: Hana pū ʻo Popar Chemical me nā hoa logistic e hāʻawi i nā lawelawe ukana wikiwiki a palekana e hōʻoia i ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā huahana i nā mea kūʻai aku i ka manawa.
5. Kākoʻo ma hope o ke kūʻai aku: hāʻawi ka popar chemical i ke kākoʻo ʻoihana ma hope o ke kūʻai aku, me ke alakaʻi hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻenehana a me ke kūkākūkā ma hope o ke kūʻai aku.Hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i ka hui ma hope o ke kūʻai aku o ka popar chemical i kēlā me kēia manawa e loaʻa i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana a me nā hoʻonā.6. Kūkākūkā manawa: Hoʻopili ʻo Popar Chemical i ka kamaʻilio maikaʻi ʻana me nā mea kūʻai aku, pane i nā nīnau a me nā nīnau a nā mea kūʻai aku i ka manawa kūpono, a hāʻawi i nā hopena kūpono.
7. ʻO ka hōʻoia maikaʻi: ʻO ka Popar Chemical e hoʻomalu pono i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a hahai i nā kūlana honua a me nā loina o ka ʻoihana e hōʻoia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe kiʻekiʻe.
Ma o ka ʻoihana kalepa ʻē aʻe i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna aʻe a me nā lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku ʻana, ua kūpaʻa ka popar chemical i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pilina hui lōʻihi me nā mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻāina ʻē, e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā huahana kūpono a me ke kākoʻo, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kūlana lanakila-lanakila.
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-28-2023